Western Civilization Review for Rome exam

Macedonian professional army-advantages Included a wide range of specialists, strict dullness and elongation of large numbers of noncombatant servants 2. Battle of Charlene- ended Greek city state freedom once and for all. 3. Philip of Macedon- by his death he had installed his despotic rule throughout Greece 4. Alexander-was motivated by the desire for personal power and glory 5. Despotism-absolute power- of authority of rulers who represented themselves as at least semi-divine 6. Hellenic age government- the dominant form In lands conquered by Alexander except mainland Greece was despotism 7.Hellene economics- was generally prosperous owing to the growth of trade, the emergence of an International money economy, & rice of cities 8. Cynics- philosophical movement that advocated a natural and self sufficient life 9. Stoics- argued that all events are rigidly determined and that therefore no individual is in control of his or her destiny 10. Democratic- Greek thinker that founded mate rialistic atomics and epicureans basic beliefs 1 1 . Epicureans- taught that the state Is a mere convenience that absolute justice Is a fiction, and no wise man would take an active part In politics. 12.Skepticism-believed hat we cannot prove anything 13. Hellenic Religion- personal emotional religions, elaborate ritual & salvation 14. Matthias- a lieutenant of Agrarianism's omnipotent god Aura-Mazda 15. Mathis- appealed to the lower classes because it offered an elaborate ritual and promise of salvation 16. Populous- historian who argued that nations pass through predictable cycles of growth and decay 17. Utopias- descriptive accounts of Ideal states 18. Corinthian column- very ornate signature of Hellene. Arch. 19. Hellene sculpture- contained extreme naturalism, the desire to create something unique, and exaggerated postures 20.Almagest- heavenly bodies revolved around the earth, classic ancient astronomy 21 . Euclid- master of geometry 22. Elements of Geometry- by Euclid, until sass's was the accepted basic study of math 23. Horseshoes of Chalcedony- breakthroughs In medicine 24. Restaurants founder of physiology and separate science 25. Archimedes- physical, experimental science 26. Roman geography- easy to invade, militarism 27. Etruscan-skilled metal worked, trades, gods human form, respect for women 28. Senate- council of elders, veto power over royal 29. Consuls-lobbyist- senators acting for the royals 30.Roman religion-served to benefit and protect state 31 . Punic Wars-increased roman territory, expansion, legal changes good for wives 32. Karachi Brothers- for social economics- gob land for the landless 33. Julius Caesar- unused land for economic inequities, unite Rome/loyalty, saw significance of NW Europe 34. On The Nature of Things- Lucrative – roman poet, removed fear of supernatural, peace of mind 35. Cicero- Stoic philosopher program incentives for provinces, elimination of tax farming 38. Marcus Aurelia's- last roman Stoics, not helpfu l 39. Roman Literature- golden age, vigorous and uplifting, silver age less calm, lanced 40.Roman Arch- Participate period, symbolized power 41 . Crisis of Third Century- civil war, economic chaos, disease 42. Neo-Platonism- emanation, asceticism, mysticism 43. Romeos decline- political, economic, cultural failings led to collapse. Contributions: a. Architecture: monumental, symbol power grandeur, round arch, vault, dome, brick, stone, concrete, , pantheon & coliseum b. Sculpture reaches, columns, relief, altars, busts, statues. Individuality & naturalism. Vanity, aristocracy, portraiture busts- humanity. C. Roman Law: civil law: for roman city, law of the people, for all commonalities and natural law.Augustus. D. Romeos contribution to future – transmission of Greek civilization to W Europe 1 . Neolithic Period- change- hunting/ gathering to sedentary agriculture 2. Ice Age- species disappear from W Asia 3. Nutcracker Man-advanced ape walked erect 4. Villages- sedentary agri culture 5. Near East-first seed agriculture group 6. History/pre-history- written records 7. Warfare began with a surplus of material goods/food 8. Hyssop invade Egypt-foreigners attack/ lead to Egypt empire 9. Papyrus- leaf/ paper Egg freedom to write/literature 10. Manner- Unified the Egypt nation 1 1 .Egypt contributions- monotheism- writing systems, monumental arch 12. Senator's artistic revolution- naturalist cycle 13. Egypt women- owned property 14. Old kingdom, Egypt, changed economy, public-works Jobs during flood season for farmers 15. Nubian- notions of kingship & religion 16. Ethiopia- embraced Christianity as state religion 17. Summer- S Mesopotamia 18. Sarong the Great- Summer under Skidpan domination for 2 centuries 19. Sumerian economic/political decline- colonization 20. Gujarat- Sumerian temple terraced tower, shrine 21 . Hebrew contributions- history, literature, ethics, religion 22.Ancient Assyrian- hated nation, people revolt-destroy 23. Saul- Hebrew, monarchical gob, coronation of first king 24. Epic of Galoshes- secular philosophy of life, affirmed human experience/action on earth 25. Chanceries- mighty and seal his military victories, constructed Nineveh 26. Salmon's Temple-N tribes seceded from Hebrew state 27. Indus Valley Civilization- urban society/sops trade 28. Zoroastrian- one supreme god- Aura-Mazda 29. Trojan War- commercial/ between Aegean trading rivals/ cause piracy 30. Heimlich Schlemiels- showed Homer's Iliad fact 31 . Mycenae- geared toward warfare 32.Greek Philosophical control to W Civic- truth from Q 34. Greek Dark Ages Politics- held by kings & warriors 35. Spartan- political sys based on checks and balances 36. Peloponnesus War- destruction of city and state/ Athens 37. Greek medicine- disease has natural cause 38. Helots-slave farm laborers mostly Spartan 39. Calisthenics- 1st real democracy in Athens 40. Herodotus- Father of history 41 . Plato- higher spiritual realm, elitist state ruled by philosophers 42. Philip o f Macedon- despotic/dictator rule throughout Greece 43. Macedonian professional army- specialist, discipline, eliminated many servants 44.Alexander- motivated by desire, power, glory 45. Epicureans-Taught state convenience, absolute Justice fiction, no wise man/ politics 46. Solon- Paid political positions- wealth/birth 47. Hellenic sculpture- naturalism, unique, exaggerated postures 48. Wholesale of Chalcedony- breakthroughs medicine 49. Battle of Charlene- Greek city/state freedom 50. On The Nature of Things- Lucrative – roman poet, removed fear of supernatural, peace of mind 51 . Romans pass cultural contributions borrowed from the Greeks 52. Roman geography- easy to invade, militarism 53.Karachi Brothers- for social economics- gob land for the landless 54. Sprat's Lesson- cannot afford to ignore cultural pursuits while seeking military control 55. Ancient Roman Plebeians' victories- greater share in gob, admission to the assembly 56. Roman religion-served to benefit and p rotect state 57. Romans, Etruscan, Greeks, dominated Italian peninsula before sixth century 58. Punic Wars-increased roman territory, expansion, legal changes good for wives 59. Julius Caesar- unused land for economic inequities, unite Rome/loyalty, saw significance of NW Europe 60. Roman Arch- Participate period, symbolized power